What is Computer Information Technology

What is computer information technologyhe term “information technology” is used often and sounds broad, but what does it actually mean and wh Digital technology refers to the use of digital devices, systems, and tools that create, store, or process data electronically. It has transformed every aspect of human life, from communication What Is Computer Information Technologyand education to business and entertainment. In the past, people relied on analog tools such as landline telephones, ape records, and face-to-face communication. But now, with the rise of computers, smartphones, and the internet, digital technology has become an inseparable part of our daily routine.Computer information technology (IT) is the use of computers, networks, and other electronic devices to create, process, store, retrieve, and transmit information. It’s a broad field focused on implementing and managing technology systems to support businesses and solve problems, What Is Computer Information Technologycovering areas like hardware, software, networking, cybersecurity, and data management. what is computer informatiom technology

w era of innovation. E-commerce platforms What Is Computer Information Technologylike Amazon,what is computer informatiom technology Alibaba, and Daraz have revolutionized shopping. Digital marketing helps companies reach customers directly through search engines, websites, and social media. Automation and artificial intelligence (AI) are improving production, customer service, and management systems, making businesses more efficient and profitable.Computer information technology, or IT, is aWhat Is Computer Information Technology relatively new professional field that emerged in the 1990s when computers became the basic tools used for work and everyday life. The rise in computer usewhat is computer informatiom technology introduced the need for professionals that could develop and maintain the new technological infrastructure. “Computer information technology” is often used to refer to technical support, but it’s become much more than that.

While IT deals with the development, maintenance, and use of computer What Is Computer Information Technologysystems and networks,what is computer informatiom technology it encompasses a wide variety of tech-based disciplines that handle information and data. Security and communication are important elements of the technology industry, what is computer informatiom technologyespecially as systems becomeWhat Is Computer Information Technology more public and technology continues to evolve.

Why Is Information Technology Important?

Technology impacts nearly every aspect of daily life, including how people communicatewhat is computer informatiom technology, learn, socialize, work, bank, and more. IT professionals ensure that this technology—including its underlying networks and software—operates effectively.What Is Computer Information Technology

Thanks to IT professionals, organizations and individuals enjoywhat is computer informatiom technology better connections through faster, more accessible communication and increased productivity through easier access to information. From finance to farming, nearlywhat is computer informatiom technology every industry relies on information technology, and this dependence is only going to become strongerwhat is computer informatiom technology.What Is Computer Information Technology

What Areas Does Information Technology Include?

IT comprises many career paths and disciplines, but the following are the five main professional areas of IT:

Administration: handling the daily operations and deployment of software upgrades,what is computer informatiom technology security, and data management.
Support: answering questions and troubleshooting problems.
Applications: delivering critical third-party business capabilities and services.
Compliance: securing and monitoring access to business data and applications to ensure they’re used according to business governance policies that meet regulatory requirements.what is computer informatiom technology
Cybersecurity: developing and utilizing software that secures computer-based systems and keeps digital assets safe.

Types of Information Technology

Obvious examples of IT include computers, networks, and software.what is computer informatiom technology But IT also involves anything related to computing technology and its distribution, including online shopping, streaming movies and shows, and social media platforms.what is computer informatiom technology

what is computer informatiom technologere are many other examples of IT-enabled innovation, the most notable being artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning. AI can simulate certain characteristics of human intelligence. It’s used in problem-solving, speech recognition, planning, learning, and more. It can even provide suggestions based on previous searches, online activities, and purchases.what is computer informatiom technology

In the healthcare industry, AI is helping to provide safer andwhat is computer informatiom technology more efficient care for patients everywhere. It’s being used in various treatments for patients as well as surgical operations. It also has a presence in electronic health records to store and learn from data, in scheduling services for doctors and patients, and in the many technological devices that doctors use daily.

In today’s classrooms, teachers and students can utilize AI for educational purposes such as plagiarism checkers, citation finders, research archives, and more.what is computer informatiom technology

Machine learning is another example of IT innovation. It’s based around the idea that humans can give machines data and allow them to learn for themselves. Social media platforms utilize machine learning algorithms and intelligence to serve up relevant ads, display what is computer informatiom technologycontent that matches user preferences, and more. Machine learning also helps autonomous technology to work properly—think self-driving cars, for example. Cars can now learn from their surroundings, recognize how traffic signs impact their routes, and observe pedestrians and other vehicles.

Careers in Computer Information Technology

The number of careers in the IT industry is constantly increasing thanks to continuous innovation and the growing demand for able IT experts. Some of the most common careers include the following:what is computer informatiom technology

Web developer. Web developers are the primary architects of the websites and web apps that people around the world use in their everyday lives.
Information security analyst. These professionals are at the forefront of modern cybersecurity. They help protect digital data and networks from hackers, malware, and other cyber threats.what is computer informatiom technology
Computer support specialist. When users face technical issues or need proper network administration, they turn to computer support specialists for assistance.
Computer programmer. Programmers write, edit, and debug code for all kinds of computer software. They may be involved in web development, software development, or software engineering.
Computer research scientist. A computer research scientist finds new ways to implement computing technology through rigorous data analysis and mathematical modeling.

Many IT careers also explore advancements in AI, cybersecurity measures, and automation.

What’s the Difference Between Software and Hardware?

Think of hardware as any part of a computer that’s physical (like a keyboard, hard drive, or monitor). Software includes digital elements such as programs, apps, photo editors, and web browsers. Simply put, software tells hardware what to do and hardware executes those directions. Hardware and software serve very different purposes but rely on each other in order to function.

Software-based jobs in IT are about developing applications or programs and include the following:

Hardware-based IT jobs concern working with computer networks, equipment, and systems and include any of the following:

What’s the Difference Between Information Technology and Computer Science?

While the two fields often overlap, there are some key differences to know, especially if you’re interested in pursuing a tech career.

Information technology focuses more heavily on the practical operation of computers, networks, and software systems so that individuals or organizations can do their work efficiently.

Computer science deals with more abstract programming and mathematical algorithms and is often strictly computer based.

IT professionals are more involved with running an organization’s computers, making sure the related networks, systems, and security are operational. Computer scientists, on the other hand, generally work on designing and building computers and their programs. While computer science knowledge isn’t vital for some IT careers, IT experience and education is important for anyone hoping to pursue a computer science career.

Computer Information Technology Skills

As the demand for technology grows, so does the need for skilled IT professionals. If you’re curious about what it takes to work in this growing career field, here are some of the fundamental hard and soft skills you’ll need:

Tech savvy. Although specific technical skills differ by position, every IT job requires some degree of technical proficiency, including a foundational understanding of computers, software, and networks.
Problem-solving and troubleshooting. IT professionals use these skills when determining why a line of code isn’t working as it should or why a network connection has failed. Identifying the source of a problem is critical, as is your ability to assess situations, spot errors, and develop solutions.
Communication. You’ll need to be able to communicate effectively about IT systems—both verbally and in writing—to audiences with varying technical backgrounds. This skill is especially useful if you’re in a role that supports professionals such as marketers, retailers, and lawyers.
Information systems management. This skill helps IT experts collaborate with and assist other departments of an organization. It requires a basic understanding of how to manage a company’s network and allocate user permissions that connect employees with the resources they need.
Data analysis. In nearly every IT job, you’ll need to interpret and analyze complex data to produce actionable reports. This helps inform future business decisions and explains to everyone, from consumers to executives, how well a project performed and what that means for a company.
Project management. IT professionals must plan, execute, and monitor projects as well as schedule tasks, allocate resources, assess risks, measure performance, and report on results.

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An IT degree is a great way to gain valuable skills and can prepare you to be competitive for many exciting and in-demand IT jobs. If you’re someone who likes solving complex problems, designing scalable solutions, and working with the latest technologies, earning an IT degree from WGU may be just what you need. You can also earn one or more third-party industry certifications, the cost of which is included in your tuition.

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Moreover, digital technology plays a huge role in healthcare. Hospitals use digital machines to diagnose diseases, keep patient records, and even perform robotic surgeries. During the COVID-19 pandemic, digital tools such as telemedicine and online consultation helped millions of people get medical advice safely from their homes.

However, despite these benefits, digital technology also has some disadvantages. Cybercrime, data theft, and online fraud have become major concerns. Excessive use of smartphones and the internet can lead to addiction, loss of privacy, and mental health problems. Therefore, it is important to use digital technology wisely and responsibly.Digital technology refers to the use of digital devices, systems, and tools that create, store, or process data electronically. It has transformed every aspect of human life, from communication and education to business and entertainment. In the past, people relied on analog tools such as landline telephones, paper records, and face-to-face communication. But now, with the rise of computers, smartphones, and the internet, digital technology has become an inseparable part of our daily routine.

In conclusion, digital technology has brought enormous progress and convenience to human life. It has changed the way we live, work, and communicate. Though it has some risks, its benefits are far greater when used properly. Digital technology is not just a part of modern life — it is the foundation of the future. Learning to adapt and use it efficiently will help us build a smarter, faster, and more connected wo

or IT, is a relatively new professional field that emerged in the 1990s when computers became the basic tools used for work and everyday life. The rise in computer use introduced the need for professionals that could develop and maintain the new technological infrastructure. “ is often used to refer to technical support, but it’s become much more than that.

Information Technology Important?

Technology impacts nearly every aspect of daily life, including how people communicate, learn, socialize, work, bank, and more. IT professionals ensure that this technology—including its underlying networks and software—operates effectively.

Thanks to IT professionals, organizations and individuals enjoy better connections through faster, more accessible communication and increased productivity through easier access to information. From finance to farming, nearly every industry relies on information technology, and this dependence is only going to become stronger.nformation technology (IT) is the use of computers, storage, networking and other physical devices, infrastructure and processes to create, process, store, secure and exchange all forms of electronic data. Typically, IT is used in the context of business operations, as opposed to the technology used for personal or entertainment purposes. The commercial use of IT encompasses both computer technology and telecommunications.

Harvard Business Review coined the term information technology in 1958 to distinguish between purpose-built machines designed to perform a limited scope of functions and general-purpose computing machines that could be programmed for various tasks. As the IT industry evolved from the mid-20th century, computing capability increased, while device cost and energy consumption decreased, a cycle that continues today when new technologies emerge.

Types of information technology

Information technology encompasses a wide range of technologies and systems that are used to store, retrieve, process and transmit data for specific use cases.

Common information technology types include the following:

Internet and web technologies. This includes the tools and protocols used to access, navigate and interact with information on the internet. Examples include web browsers, websites, web servers, Hypertext Markup Language, cascading style sheets, JavaScript, HTTP and other internet-related technologies.
Cloud computing. This involves the delivery of computing resources and services over the internet on a pay-per-use basis. This can include infrastructure as a service, platform as a service, software as a service and cloud storage options.
Databases. This includes IT systems and software used to store, organize and retrieve data. Examples include MySQL, NoSQL, relational database management systems and MongoDB.
Artificial intelligence and machine learning. AI and ML-based IT technologies use algorithms and statistical models to enable computers to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence. Examples include speech recognition, image recognition and natural language processing.
Cybersecurity. This type of IT includes technologies and best practices designed to protect IT systems, networks and data from unauthorized access, cyber attacks and other security threats. Cybersecurity can be enforced through firewalls, antivirus software, encryption, intrusion detection systems and security policies.
Internet of things. This includes the network of interconnected devices and sensors that collect, exchange and analyze data. IoT technologies enable the integration of physical objects into computer systems, providing automation, monitoring and control in various domains.
IT governance. This involves making policies and rules for the organization to ensure effective operation.
Data analytics and business intelligence. BI focuses on tools and techniques for extracting insights from large data sets to support decision-making and business operations. This can include data mining, statistical analysis, data visualization and predictive modeling.

What does information technology encompass?

The IT department ensures that the organization’s systems, networks, applications, data and information all connect and function properly. The IT team handles the following three major areas:

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Deploying and maintaining business applications, services and infrastructure — including servers, networks and storage.
Monitoring, optimizing and troubleshooting the performance of applications, services and infrastructure.
Overseeing the security and governance of applications, services and infrastructure.

Most IT staff have different responsibilities within the team that can be broken into the following key areas:

Administration. Administrators handle the day-to-day deployment, operation and monitoring of an IT environment, including systems, networks and applications. Admins often perform a range of other duties such as software upgrades, user training, software license management, procurement, security, data management and observing adherence to business process and compliance requirements. Effective delegation is also part of IT administration and is crucial for a team’s productivity.
Support. Help desk staff specialize in answering questions, gathering information and directing troubleshooting efforts for hardware and software. IT support often includes IT asset and change management, helping admins with procurement, handling backup and recovery of data and applications, monitoring and analyzing logs and other performance monitoring tools and following established support workflows and processes.
Applications. Businesses rely on software to perform work. Some applications, such as email server applications, are procured and deployed by third parties. But many organizations retain a staff of skilled developers that create the applications and interfaces — such as application programming interfaces — needed to deliver critical business capabilities and services. Applications might be coded in a wide array of popular programming languages and integrated with other applications to create smooth and seamless interactions between different applications. Developers might also be tasked with creating interactive business websites and building mobile applications. The trend toward agile or continuous development paradigms requires developers to be increasingly involved with IT operations, such as deploying and monitoring applications.
Compliance. Businesses are obligated to observe varied government and industry-driven regulatory requirements. IT staff play a major role in securing and monitoring access to business data and applications to ensure that such resources are used according to established business governance policy that meets regulatory requirements. Such staff are deeply involved with security tasks and routinely interact with legal and business teams to prevent, detect, investigate and report possible breaches.

Why is information technology important?

It’s been said that data is what powers industries worldwide. That might be hyperbole, but few businesses — large or small — can remain competitive without the ability to collect data and turn it into useful information. IT provides the means to develop, process, analyze, exchange, store and secure information.

Data processing plays a significant role in the following core business practices:

Product development and design.
Marketing and market research.
Sales and invoicing.
Data analysis and decision-making.
Customer development and retention.
Accounting and taxes.
Human resources and payroll.
Regulatory compliance.

Information technology plays a vital role for businesses in the following ways:

Facilitates communication and collaboration. IT enables seamless communication and collaboration across different locations and time zones. For example, global corporations that are spread across continents can use video conferencing, instant messaging and content collaboration tools to bridge geographical distances and communicate effectively.
Advances pervasive computing. Computing has penetrated practically every part of business and much of our personal lives. The ubiquity of computing — also referred to as pervasive computing — is another reason why IT is critical. Computing devices have evolved well beyond PCs and servers. Today, all businesses and most people have and use multiple computing devices, including phones, tablets, laptops, game consoles and even doorbells, thermostats, vacuums and many kitchen appliances.
Enhances efficiency and productivity. IT systems and tools streamline processes, automate repetitive tasks and provide access to real-time data, thereby improving the overall efficiency and productivity of businesses. For example, a retail company with an integrated IT system can use an automated inventory management tool to track stock levels in real time and replenish them through automatic reordering.
Enables access to information. IT provides access to vast amounts of information and knowledge in databases and online libraries, empowering individuals and organizations to make informed decisions and stay updated with the latest developments.
Supports innovation and creativity. IT fosters innovation by providing platforms for creative expression, experimentation and problem-solving. For example, consider a software development company utilizing IT platforms for innovation. Its developers can collaborate in virtual environments, experiment with new coding techniques and technologies and create groundbreaking software through iterative testing, feedback loops and problem-solving.
Supports critical business operations. IT is essential for the smooth functioning of modern businesses, from managing operations and finances to marketing and customer service. For example, most customer service teams use IT systems for efficient communication, issue resolution and feedback collection to ensure a positive user experience.
Helps with education and research. IT plays a vital role in education, providing access to educational resources, facilitating distance learning and supporting research endeavors. Remote learning technologies enable access to education from anywhere, bridging geographical barriers and providing opportunities for lifelong learning.
Provides cost savings. IT reduces costs associated with paper-based processes, manual labor and physical infrastructure, leading to significant savings for both businesses and individuals.
Provides connectivity to the internet. Virtually all IT devices, many of which are part of the IoT, tap into the internet, which interconnects billions of devices worldwide.

Examples of information technology

So how is IT involved in day-to-day business? Consider the following six common examples of IT and teams at work:

Server upgrade. One or more data center servers are near the end of their operational and maintenance lifecycle. IT staff will perform the following:

- Select and procure replacement servers.
- Configure and deploy the new servers.
- Back up applications and data on existing servers.
- Transfer that data and applications to the new servers.
- Validate that the new servers are working properly.
- Repurpose or decommission and dispose of the old servers.

Security monitoring. Businesses routinely use tools to monitor and log activity in applications, networks and systems. IT staff receive alerts of potential threats or noncompliant behavior, such as a user attempting to access a restricted file; check logs and other reporting tools to investigate and determine the root cause of the alert; take prompt action to address and remediate the threat, often driving changes and improvements to security posture that can prevent similar events in the future.
New software. The business determines a need for a new mobile application that can enable customers to log in and access account information or conduct other transactions from smartphones and tablets. Developers work to create and refine a suitable application according to a planned roadmap. Operations staff post each iteration of the new mobile application for download and deploy the back-end components of the app to the organization’s infrastructure.
Business improvement. A business requires more availability from a critical application to help with revenue or business continuance strategies. The IT staff might be called upon to architect a high-availability cluster to provide greater performance and resilience for the application to ensure that it can continue to function in the face of single outages. This can be paired with enhancements to data storage protection and recovery.
User support. Developers are building a major upgrade for a vital business application. Developers and admins collaborate to create new documentation for the upgrade. IT staff might deploy the upgrade for limited beta testing — enabling a select group of users to try the new version — while also developing and delivering comprehensive training that prepares all users for the new version’s eventual release.
Digital workplace organization. Employees in a bustling office are wasting too much time trying to locate paper documents, files and office supplies that are scattered throughout the workspace. The office has decided to incorporate a digital filing and inventory management system. Each document in the office is scanned and stored electronically and tagged with relevant keywords. Additionally, office supplies are also tracked in a digital inventory database. Now, whenever an employee needs to access a document or find a tool, they promptly open the digital inventory system. With just a quick search, they pinpoint the precise file or item along with its current physical location in the workspace. This enhances the efficiency and productivity of the employees.

Software vs. hardware

When it comes to IT systems, both software and hardware are integral and interdependent components of computer systems. The following are some main differences between the two:

Software

Software refers to a set of instructions that enable the hardware to perform specific tasks. It includes system software, application software and other programs that run on the computer.

There are two categories of software: system software and applications. System software encompasses the computer programs that manage the basic computing functions. They include the following:

Operating systems (OSes).
BIOSes.
Boot programs.
Assemblers.
Device drivers.

Examples of business applications include the following:

Databases, such as Microsoft SQL Server.
Transactional systems, such as real-time order entry.
Email servers, such as Microsoft Exchange.
Web servers, such as Apache and Microsoft’s Internet Information Services.
Customer relationship management, such as Oracle NetSuite and HubSpot.
Enterprise resource planning systems, including SAP S/4HANA.

These applications use programmed instructions to manipulate, consolidate, disperse and otherwise work with data for a business purpose.

Mobile applications that run on smartphones, tablets and other portable devices typically connect with cloud or data center applications over the internet. These applications have expanded the scope of computing and created a new category of software and telecommunications that requires special expertise to maintain.

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Hardware

Hardware refers to the physical components of a computer that come in many different forms, including the monitor, servers, central processing unit, keyboard and mouse. Computer servers run business applications. Servers interact with client devices in the client-server model. They also communicate with other servers across computer networks, which typically link to the internet.

Storage is another type of hardware. It’s any technology that holds information as data. Storage can be local on a specific server or shared among many servers, and it could be installed on-premises or accessed via a cloud service. Information that is stored can take many forms, including file, multimedia, telephony, and web and sensor data. Storage hardware includes volatile RAM (random-access memory) as well as non-volatile tape, hard disk drives and solid-state drives.

Telecom equipment — comprising network interface cards, cabling, wireless communications and switching devices — connects the hardware elements together and to external networks.

Abstracting hardware and software

Abstraction simplifies resource provisioning, management and scalability. By hiding the complexities of hardware, abstraction streamlines resource allocation, ensuring optimal utilization of available resources.

IT architectures have evolved to include virtualization and cloud computing, where physical resources are abstracted and pooled in different configurations to meet application requirements. Clouds can be distributed across locations and shared with other IT users, or they can be contained within a corporate data center or some combination of both deployments.

Volatility is a characteristic of virtualized resources, enabling them to expand and contract as needed. Subscription-based cloud or locally installed resources, such as storage or composable architectures, can spin up resources, such as servers, OSes and application software, as needed and then release them when processing is complete.

Information technology vs. computer science

When researching careers in IT, one is likely to come across the term computer science. While there’s an overlap between IT and computer science, the two disciplines are distinct and require different courses of study to prepare for careers.

IT is generally associated with the application of technology to deal with business issues. As such, the IT workforce is oriented toward developed technologies such as hardware systems, OSes and application software. Proficiency in IT is required to identify the hardware and software components that should be used to enhance a specific business process. IT pros work with a variety of technologies, such as server OSes, communications devices and software and applications. Career examples typically include roles such as database administrator, cybersecurity specialist and network administrator.

Preparation for an IT career requires basic courses in hardware and software systems. A bachelor’s degree in IT and other programs might include the following subjects:

Business analysis.
Project management.
Telecommunications.
Network administration.
Database design.
Database management.

Computer science focuses on the logic and design of the underpinnings of the components that IT experts use to assemble business systems. A strong mathematics background is required to pursue a computer science career. Much of the work in computer science involves developing the algorithms and logic and writing low-level code that enables computer systems to address business problems.

Computer scientists might participate in the hardware and software engineering work required to develop products. They’re also likely to delve into more abstract technologies, such as AI and ML. Roles in computer science include software developer, computer systems analyst, computer programmer and computer information research scientist.

A course of study in computer science requires a foundation in computer concepts and advanced mathematics. It could be complemented with the following subjects:

AI and ML.
Neural networks.
Security systems.
Data analytics.
User experience.

Careers in information technology

A team of administrators and other technical staffers deploy and manage a company’s IT infrastructure and assets. IT teams depend on a range of specialized information and technology skills and knowledge to support equipment, applications and activities. Third-party contractors and IT vendor support personnel augment the IT team.

The information technology profession is extremely diverse. IT workers can specialize in fields, including software development; application management; hardware components; server, storage or network administration and network architecture. Many businesses seek IT professionals with mixed or overlapping skill sets.

There’s a wide array of IT careers, each with varying technological and managerial requisites. Among the most common IT job titles are the following:

Chief information officer. A CIO is responsible for IT and computer systems that support the goals of the business.
Chief technology officer. A CTO sets the technology goals and policies within an organization.
IT director. An IT director is responsible for the functioning of the business’s technology tools and processes. This role might also be called IT manager or IT leader.
System administrator. A sys admin configures, manages, supports and troubleshoots a multiuser computing environment. Within a business, this role can be divided up by technology, requiring an administrator or team dedicated to server, desktop, network administration, virtualization or other components and technologies.
Application manager. An application manager’s role centers on the provisioning and management of a high-demand business application, such as Microsoft Exchange.
Developer or software engineer. A software engineer or team writes, updates and tests code for computer programs to meet internal or customer-facing business objectives.
Chief IT architect or IT architect. An IT architect examines and changes IT functions to best support the business.
Information security analyst. An information security analyst protects organizations from threats and data breaches.
Cloud engineer. A cloud engineer is responsible for managing and designing cloud-based systems for organizations.

IT skills and certifications

The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics projects a 15% growth in employment within the computer and information technology sector between now and 2032. A successful IT career will involve developing several technical skills. For the current IT job market, the following 10 skills are among those most in demand:

Cybersecurity.
Cloud computing.
Edge computing and IoT.
IT automation.
Software development.
Big data management and data analytics.
DevOps.
AI.
ML.
Mobile application development.

In the pursuit of these fundamental IT disciplines, it’s advantageous to earn certifications to demonstrate proficiency in specific technologies and areas of expertise. Some of the most highly regarded certifications offered by various technology vendors include the following:

AWS Certified Solutions Architect — Professional.
CompTIA A+.
Certified Ethical Hacker.
Certified in Risk and Information Systems Control.
Certified Information Security Manager.
Certified Information Systems Security Professional.
Cisco Certified Network Associate.
Google Certified Professional Cloud Architect.
Microsoft role-based certifications.
Project Management Professional.
VMware Certified Professional.

As reliance on cloud computing continues to grow, there’s a significant demand for skilled cloud professionals. Delve into the top 10 cloud computing career paths and discover how to get started in this thriving field of information technology.

Continue Reading About information technology (IT)

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